Схема розділу
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(for watching in English open video on YouTube)
Key terminology:
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The Ruin (Ruina / Руїна) – The period of political fragmentation, devastating civil war, and foreign interventions in Ukraine following Bohdan Khmelnytsky’s death.
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Cossack Hetmanate (Kozatskyi Hetmanat / Козацький Гетьманат) – The autonomous Cossack state (officially the Zaporozhian Host) divided during this era.
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Right-Bank Ukraine (Pravoberezhna Ukraina / Правобережна Україна) – Territory west of the Dnipro River, which fell under Polish and Ottoman spheres of influence.
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Left-Bank Ukraine (Livoberezhna Ukraina / Лівобережна Україна) – Territory east of the Dnipro River, which retained internal autonomy under Muscovite suzerainty.
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Cossack Starshyna (Kozatska Starshyna / Козацька старшина) – The privileged ruling military and administrative officer class of the Hetmanate.
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Treaty of Hadiach (1658) (Hadiatskyi traktat / Гадяцький трактат) – An unfulfilled agreement to reform the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth into a tripartite state with the Grand Duchy of Rus.
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Truce of Andrusovo (1667) (Andrusivske peremyria / Андрусівське перемир'я) – The Muscovite-Polish treaty that officially partitioned the Hetmanate along the Dnipro River.
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Eternal Peace Treaty of 1686 (Vichnyi myr / Вічний мир) – The definitive accord between Poland and Muscovy confirming Ukraine’s partition and assigning Kyiv to Muscovy.
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Chorna Rada / Black Council (Chorna rada / Чорна рада) – A general assembly of ordinary Cossacks and commoners, marked by political volatility and mob rule (e.g., Nizhyn, 1663).
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Chyhyryn Campaigns (1677–1678) (Chyhyrynski pokhody / Чигиринські походи) – Major Ottoman-Muscovite military clashes that resulted in the destruction of the historic Cossack capital.
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